Short-Baseline Neutrino Anomalies and the Evidence for Sterile Neutrinos

The LSND and MiniBooNE short-baseline neutrino experiments have provided evidence for neutrino oscillations at a mass scale of approximately 1 eV. When combined with oscillation measurements at the solar and atmospheric mass scales, these experiments imply the existence of more than three neutrino mass states and, therefore, one or more "sterile" neutrinos. Such sterile neutrinos, if proven to exist, would have a big impact on particle physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysics, and would contribute to the dark matter of the Universe.